What are the effects of a stroke on the nervous system?

The Impact of Stroke on the Nervous System: Causes, Symptoms, Nutrition, Treatment, and Rehabilitation

Introduction:

A stroke, also known as a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), occurs when there is a disruption of blood flow to the brain due to a blockage or rupture of a blood vessel. The resulting oxygen and nutrient deprivation can cause lasting damage to the brain, influencing the nervous system’s function. It is a leading cause of long-term disability globally, underscoring the importance of understanding its causes, symptoms, nutritional implications, treatment options, and rehabilitation exercises.

Section 1: Causes of Stroke:

The causes of stroke are multifaceted and typically fall into three categories: ischemic, hemorrhagic, and transient ischemic attack (TIA). Ischemic strokes, which account for about 87% of all cases, are caused by a clot that blocks blood flow to the brain. Hemorrhagic strokes, while less common, occur when a blood vessel ruptures, causing blood to leak into the brain. TIAs, often termed “mini-strokes,” result from a temporary clot that causes transient symptoms. The common risk factors include hypertension, smoking, diabetes, high cholesterol, obesity, heart diseases, and age.

Section 2: Symptoms of Stroke:

The symptoms of stroke are often sudden and distinct. The acronym FAST (Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call 911) is a useful way to remember the primary symptoms. Other signs may include sudden confusion, trouble seeing in one or both eyes, severe headache, difficulty walking, dizziness, and loss of balance or coordination. The extent of these symptoms and the functions affected depend on the location and severity of the stroke in the brain.

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