Hormonal control of blood pressure

• Adrenaline: adrenaline is secreted by the adrenal medulla. It is also released by sympathetic post ganglionic nerve endings. Adrenaline regulate the blood pressure by acting through heart and blood vessels. It increases systolic pressure by increasing the force of contraction of the heart and cardiac output. It decreases diastolic pressure by reducing the total peripheral resistance.
• Adrenaline causes constriction of blood vessels through alpha receptors. It also causes dilation of blood vessels through Beta 2 receptors in some areas of body like skeletal muscles liver and heart. So the total peripheral resistance is reduced leading to decrease in diastolic pressure.
• Noradrenaline: nor adrenaline is secreted by the adrenal medulla. It is also see created by sympathetic postganglionic nerve endings full stop nor adrenaline increases diastolic pressure due to its general vasoconstrictor effect. It has stronger effects on blood vessels then on the heart. It causes constriction of all blood vessels throughout the body via alpha receptors. So it is called general vasoconstrictor. The action of nor adrenaline is to increase the total peripheral resistance and diastolic pressure.
• It also increase the systole pressure slightly by increasing the force of contraction of heart.

Thyroxine:

• Thyroxine secreted from thyroid gland increases stalling pressure but decreases the diastolic pressure. It increases the systolic pressure by increasing cardiac output. The cardiac output is increased because of increase in the blood volume and force of contraction of the heart.

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